Turn chaos into order by putting your tasks into context, breaking them down if needed and neatly organizing them in projects and portfolios. Want to do it on a specific date? Set a Start or Due date instead In Focus lets you keep track of things you want to do today or as soon as possible. If something is actionable simply put it into the "In Focus" list. Get into the driver's seat and always work on getting your Inbox to zero by deciding what is actionable and what is not. A badge count reminds you if your Inbox is not empty. You can easily enrich your task with notes, links and more if needed. Quickly capture everything in your Firetask Inbox. # Capture: Getting It All Out Of Your Headįree your mind for the important things in life and work by easily capturing everything in a single, trusted system. Firetask supports you continuously from capturing your thoughts and managing your personal to-dos, to organizing your projects and focusing on your most important tasks., Firetask uniquely combines Kanban & GTD to boost your productivity to a whole new level. Simply use drag & drop to move tasks between Inbox and Actionable statuses, into the "Starred" list, or to move them between priorities or due dates.įiretask is also deeply integrated with the Apple ecosystem with optional integration with Reminders, Calendar events, Contacts, and syncing via iCloud.įiretask is available on iPhone, iPad, macOS, and Apple Watch providing you with a seamless user experience across platforms.50% OFF from December 24 until New Year's Eve! Successful project-oriented task management has never been easier.įiretask comes with great, visual tools that help you with your weekly GTD review such as "Kanban", "Priorities", and "Dates" views. (5) Perform a weekly GTD review where you repeat steps 2-4 on a regular schedule in order to keep your trusted GTD task management system up-to-dateįiretask provides a very logical implementation of GTD in a way that concepts such as the "Inbox" or "Someday" are implemented as task statuses this way, categories (contexts) and project assignments can optionally be already associated within the Inbox and thus, making a task actionable only means changing its status to "Actionable".Īlthough tasks do not have to be part of a project, projects are first class business objects in Firetask: they have their own statuses, you can organize them via "portfolios" (project folders) and you have full control over the order of tasks in a project. (4) Assign contexts to indicate, e.g., whether a task can only be done in a certain environment (e.g., you have to be "Home" to do clean up your house we call this a "category") (3) Organize your actionable tasks into so-called "next action" lists (Firetask provides "projects" for this) (2) Decide whether tasks are actionable, i.e., you want and can complete them yourself, whether you want to delegate them (Firetask provides a "Waiting For" list), or whether they are more of a "someday/maybe" thing (1) Perform a "brain dump" - collect all your open issues and tasks in your "Inbox" If you don't know how GTD works here are some of the basic concepts: By combining David Allen's powerful Getting Things Done (GTD) approach with classical task management features such as priorities and due dates, Firetask creates a unique task management experience.įiretask is also available for *macOS* (sold separately) and syncs via iCloud. Firetask Pro represents the next generation of easy-to-use, project-oriented task management apps.
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SEA – 14.0 projected pointsįor sports betting picks and tips, check out and BetFTW.įollow SportsbookWire on Twitter/X and like us on Facebook. Play our free daily Pick’em Challenge and win! Play now! Running back rankings Week 6 Fantasy Football QB Rankings: PFN Consensus’ Top Players Include Dak Prescott, Matthew Stafford, and Others. Our 2023 Draft Overall rankings are updated daily. Check out ’s top players in point-per-reception (PPR) fantasy football scoring for the upcoming weekend: Fantasy football rankings – Week 9 The latest fantasy football news and injury updates, along with weekly advice on who to start/sit, pick up on the waiver wire, target for trades, and more. Dont trust any 1 fantasy football expert We combine rankings from 100+ experts into Consensus Rankings. We consulted with our friends at, who have been helping fantasy players just like you win their leagues for over two decades. As usual, we have the Fantasy Football Rankings to help you put the pieces in the right place. Regardless of the end of the spectrum you’re on, we have the Fantasy Football Rankings to keep you ahead of the competition. The pressure cooker is turned to high, and it’s winning time in Week 11. We consulted with our friends at, who have been helping fantasy players just like you win their leagues for over 2 decades. It’s Week 4, and right now is the point where you realize whether you’re pretenders or contenders. Christian McCaffrey, San Francisco 49ers Christian McCaffrey is the best player in fantasy football with Sunday’s four-touchdown performance just. Good thing we have the fantasy football rankings to put you in the right spot to feast. Fantasy rankings based on 0.5 PPR scoring. We consulted with our friends at, who have been helping fantasy players just like you win their leagues for over 2 decades. Good thing we have the fantasy football rankings to put you in the right spot to feast. Welcome to Week 9! Bye weeks continue this week, and it’s sure to be hot and heavy. Welcome to Week 9 Bye weeks continue this week, and it’s sure to be hot and heavy.
This can make you feel more relaxed and allow you to relax more when you’re home.Ĭool wallpaper is perfect for bedrooms and other areas that need some lightness in the space. When you have a wall full of cool wallpaper, it can help create a feeling of chilled outness in the room. Here are some benefits of using cool wallpaper:Ĭool wallpaper can add an air of chill. There are a variety of cool wallpaper options available, so it’s important to find the right one for your needs. It can add some visual interest and make a home feel more inviting. Wallpaper can be a great addition to any room. Here you go: 22 Characters That Share The Same Voice Actor As Hunter X Hunter's # We have 18 Pics about 22 Characters That Share The Same Voice Actor as Hunter x Hunter's like 22 Characters That Share The Same Voice Actor as Hunter x Hunter's, Hisoka - 32 Years - Hunter x Hunter Photo (39180393) - Fanpop and also 22 Characters That Share The Same Voice Actor as Hunter x Hunter's. Searching about 22 Characters That Share The Same Voice Actor as Hunter x Hunter's you’ve came to the right web. This was followed by many other studios throughout the 1930s and 1940s before Production I.G began releasing anime films in earnest in 1954. In 1907, Japans born artist and illustrator Eisuke Matsubara drew the first manga-style animation for a film release.Here are five key moments in the history of anime that will leave you wondering why it continues to grow in popularity today: While some may only be familiar with Japan’s popular genre, others may have never heard of Studio Ghibli, creators of Spirited Away and Howl’s Moving Castle. Today, there are millions of fans across the globe who enjoy watching anime on TV or streaming services. The History of Anime: From Manga to AnimationĪnime has been around since the late 1800s, and its history is nothing short ofLegend. You can sometimes convert these files in the Finder by Control clicking on them and choosing Services and then there is Encode Selected Audio FIles and you can reencode this as a mpeg4 audio file. But one of the problems is that if it is not a mpeg4 audio file, like this MP3 you can't drag it in, the Wave file you can't drag that in. It's a nice interface here with a nice big Wave form that you easily see and manipulate which could make it attractive to do this in Voice Memos. But you can also now go in and Trim this audio, like that, and now this is all trimmed and you can export back out by dragging out and you see how you get a new copy of it. Because now it syncs across to all your devices. You can actually add audio to Voice Memos which is a kind of useful thing all by itself. But what about these external files? Well, if it is standard mpeg4 audio, which you can see that's what this M4A is here, Apple mpeg4 audio, then you can easily drag this in. You can go to Edit, Trim Recording or Command T, and now you can trim right here and get it to what you want and then Trim. In that case it definitely makes sense to just trim it in here. So what you're trimming could actually be something that is already here in Voice Memos. Of course the Voice Memos App is a great way to record something either on your Mac or your iPhone and through iCloud it ends up on your Mac. Of course there are a lot of different things you can do on Audacity as well including effects and easily editing out sections and all of that. You can open up the MP3 or the Wave file just as easily. Then go to File and Export and export a variety of different formats. I can select an area like this and just press Delete. Then you can trim it a variety of different ways. In Audacity you can open up anyone of these files here. Go to to download it directly from the source. A lot of people love to use this app for editing audio. Now a free app that you can download from the web is Audacity. So I can bring this MP3 in and I can bring this Wave in just as easily. GarageBand accepts a wide variety of different formats. Of course you can do other things in GarageBand as well like Filter it, Equalize it, and adjust things like the volume and all of that. One of the advantages to GarageBand, as you can see right away, is you can export in a variety of different formats and settings for those formats as well. You can go then to Share, Export Song to Disk, and export a new copy. Grab the bottom left hand corner, trim it in, and drag it back to the beginning and then grab the bottom right hand corner like that, and trim the stuff out from the end, and then you get what you want. Then you could very easily expand this so you can actually get very detailed on how you trim. You're not actually going to record anything new. So create a new empty project, like this. But you can use it to simply trim an audio file. Now when it comes to audio you may right away turn to GarageBand which is a free app you can get from Apple in The App Store and it does a ton of different things. Or I can open up this Wave file in Quick Time Player and trim that. So I can open up this MP3 here in Quick Time Player and trim. This works with the most common types of audio files. Then click Trim and then File, Save will save a new copy with just that new area. You can Play and figure out exactly what you want to trim. Then you can Trim a little off each side. You can even drag the right side to expand it a bit to make it a little easier to deal with. So go to Edit, Trim or Command T and then you get this little interface here. Quick Time Player allows you to trim video and if you open something that is just audio guess what? You can trim just the audio. Now it will open up and of course there is no video component. You could launch Quick Time Player and choose File, Open or you can Control Click, two-finger click on the trackpad or right click on a Mouse, choose Open With and then Quick Time Player. Now to open these in Quick Time Player you can drag them to Quick Time Player. Now I have three different types of audio files here. You may think of Quick Time Player as a video player. The first method is going to involve just using Quick Time Player. So let me show you five different methods. Now if you have an audio file and you want to trim it, it's fairly easy to do using either software built into macOS or free software you can download. Join us and get exclusive content and course discounts. There you can read more about the Patreon Campaign. MacMost is brought to you thanks to a great group of more than 1000 supporters. Let me show you five different ways that you can trim audio files on your Mac. It feels really good, right?īut what if there was software that could have a similar effect and sends your appreciation automatically? What if every morning when you walked in the door, you got a new digital "thank you" text or email from your coworkers? That'd be pretty nice, wouldn't it? You come into work, and your coworker has left you a thank you card or some other token of appreciation for working with them. Be positive: It's important to recognize somebody's hard work, but keep your attitude light and fun.You don't have to include everybody in every message you send out variety is good! Just respect their decision if they do not wish to participate in this coworker appreciation meme program. Don’t be pushy: Regardless of whether or not people are receptive to receiving these memes, remember that they are free to decline participation.If your coworker has had a particularly rough day, ease them into the idea of sending this meme with something like, "I just wanted to say you did a fantastic job at today's meeting and I love working with you!" You know your friends are going to send you text messages about how great your day was or what they got you for your birthday this isn't necessarily the same with co-workers who don't know each other as well. Be considerate: When sending these coworker appreciation memes via text/IM/email, remember what it feels like to be on the receiving end. Waiting too long will be viewed as lacking in effort and enthusiasm! Be timely: If your colleague's birthday is coming up, you should probably send out that meme ASAP.Make sure there are no spelling mistakes: When trying to convey the message of appreciation via meme, nobody wants to see anything less than stellar.Be appropriate: Make certain the language is professional and the image is appropriate for the workplace.Know your audience: Will this meme be well-received in the workplace, or will it come across as unprofessional? If you wouldn't share something with your boss, don't send it to your coworker! .The following is a list of tips for sending a coworker appreciation meme: These vehicles increase the likelihood that a coworker appreciation meme will be seen by others outside the original creator's immediate circle.ħ tips for sending a coworker appreciation meme The widespread use of video and image-sharing websites, such as YouTube and Tumblr, has increased the ability of coworkers to share their appreciation for one another.Coworker appreciation memes can help bridge the gap between physical workplaces and virtual communities by offering ways for workers to connect across geographic boundaries via social media platforms such as Facebook or Twitter. According to the Economic Report: Future Workforce by Upwork, the number of remote workers is expected to increase by 50% soon.The creation and sharing of coworker appreciation memes help companies boost morale and create a sense of community among employees.Coworkers who appreciate their peers will likely be more inclined to participate in building their own memes, further maximizing the benefits of appreciation.Acknowledging the positive contributions that coworkers make in the workplace through a GIF, image, meme, or video is a fun and memorable way to express gratitude.There are also several benefits associated specifically with coworker appreciation memes themselves: Coworkers who feel appreciated by their peers will be more motivated to work harder and contribute more effort toward group projects. The lack of such gestures can lead to feelings of alienation, low morale, and even resentment toward management or other workers. Using humor and shared experience creates goodwill among coworkers and builds a stronger team overall. Coworkers appreciate the opportunity to express gratitude toward those who collaborate with them. Still, it's a welcome, if not always particularly well-designed, break from stabbing troops directly. The controls in this mode take some getting used to, and many of these stages and arenas aren't ideal for large, bumbling winged reptiles to be battling in. Mikhail's sequences are either Panzer Dragoon-style rail shooter sequences (though not nearly as well made as in that franchise) or free-roaming sequences where Mikhail can fight foes both in the air and on land. It's certainly functional, and there's definitely a satisfaction to be had when going to town on a bunch of dimwitted soldiers and their giant monster companions, but it's a far cry from the likes of Bayonetta.Įvery so often, however, Zero mounts her lovably stupid steed and uses Mikhail for combat. This adds a bit of strategy to fighting-should you use intoner mode for short bursts of carnage, or save it for bigger, powerful foes?-but overall, nothing about combat is particularly noteworthy. Unlike in other games of this sort, the blood meter doesn't have to be full in order for you to enter intoner mode, though its level does limit the amount of time intoner mode lasts. As she defeats foes, a flower-shaped blood meter fills up, and once it reaches a certain threshold, Zero can enter the incredibly powerful and near invincible intoner mode for a very limited time. She can guard, dodge, and cancel her skills into defensive maneuvers as necessary. Zero runs through mostly linear fields, defeating foes with combos and special moves derived from four different weapon types (swords, spears, chakrams, and combat bracers). Side quests are timed and can get downright brutal.ĭrakengard 3 is a hack-and-slash action game. Unfortunately, a wise old elder dragon this creature is definitely not Mikhail is an inept pacifist who calls for nonviolent resolution as he whines about his bodily functions like a first grader. To aid her this time around, she has Mikhail, the reincarnation of her previous dragon, by her side. Zero's attack on her sisters ends in abject failure and the death of her dragon companion, but a year and a reconstructed body later, she is ready and rarin' to kill her estranged siblings again. That peace is transformed into a bloody mess when the oldest of the intoners, Zero, decides that her five sisters (all named after numbers) need to die for reasons initially unclear. The game takes place in a miserable fantasy world where goddess-like beings called "intoners" rule the land and keep the masses appeased with their otherworldly songs. Nothing ended well for anyone involved, including the player, but it was fascinating regardless.Īnd that's precisely what Drakengard 3 is: utterly fascinating. It was a train wreck, horrifying to look at and experience, but it kept you playing to see just how much more awful things could get. But what made that game memorable was its distinctly dark and twisted story in a world filled with horrible happenings and broken, deplorable characters. The original game, released a decade ago on the PlayStation 2, was much the same way. It's severely visually outclassed, it has myriad bugs and issues, and the gameplay is fair at best and tedious at worst. The former wishes to kill the remaining Utautai for reasons unknown, while the latter wants to bring peace and stability to the world.From a traditional perspective, Drakengard 3 is not what you would normally consider a good game. Players control two sisters named Zero and One who wield the power of the ancient Utautai goddesses. Square Enix has yet to announce plans for a North American and European release.ĭrakengard 3 is an action game that mixes ground-based combat and air combat using dragons. The box set also contains an art book, a Drakengard 3 DLC code, and a novella that acts as a prequel to Drakengard 3. In addition to the game, the set will contain a book called Drakengard: World Inside, a music CD called Drakengard Chips Music that features 24 tracks from the Drakengard and Nier games remixed in an 8-bit style, and a Blu-ray disc called Drakengard History Films that contains cutscenes, trailers, and commercials for the Drakengard titles. The game will be sold in a regular edition and a Drakengard 3 10th Anniversary box set via Square Enix's e-store. The special Drakengard 3 10th Anniversary box set artwork, featuring the protagonists of the entire Drakengard series. Square Enix has announced that the PS3 action game Drakengard 3 will be out in Japan on October 31. They have complaints about leakages and the poor design of the carafe. On the negative side, some users are not happy with the carafe and brew pause function of this machine. Almost 80% of the users are completely satisfied with this machine. On Amazon, it has around 25k reviews with an average rating of 4.5 out of 5. And it seems that the users are quite satisfied with this machine. No matter what the features or specifications of a coffee maker the real worth is always determined by the users. And obviously Keurig has a brand value too! While the price tag of around $200 may initially seem high for this coffee machine, its exceptional quality and range of features make it a worthwhile investment.įeatures like the auto brew setting, the adjustable water reservoir, the pause and pour settings, and the versatile one-cup and multi-cup serving options justify its higher cost. Keurig Duo Plus has an auto shut-off feature that automatically shutt off the machine after 10 minutes of inactivity. A thermal Carafe is better in my opinion as it is long-lasting and can keep coffee hot for 2 hours without the need for a heating plate. Unlike Keurig Duo with a glass carafe and heating plate, Duo Plus has 12-cup stainless steel insulated thermal Carafe. It is undeniably the convenient design of the water reservoir of Keurig Duo Plus that earns it its unique selling point. The water reservoir of Keurig Duo Plus can accommodate tall handle water filter to eliminate impurities from water. You can easily adjust the position of the water reservoir either on the back or left and right-hand side of the brewer depending on the available space.Īdditionally, it has a convenient handle that makes it easy to attach and detach from the brewer, as well as easy to clean. The water reservoir is completely made of see-through plastic and it has marks on it for 12, 10, 8, and 6 cups of coffee. The best thing about this coffee maker is the convenient design of the water reservoir. The drip tray and water reservoir are also conveniently removable for effortless cleaning.Ħ) Water Reservoir of Keurig Duo Plus (5/5) The machine’s exterior features a polished, shiny finish and can be readily cleaned with a damp cloth. Note that these parts require manual cleaning, as they are not dishwasher-safe. The Keurig Duo Plus’s components, including the filter basket, gold-tone mesh filter, carafe, and carafe lid, are readily detachable, allowing for easy cleaning. Even with its dual brewing capabilities for single servings and carafes, it remains remarkably user-friendly. I’m impressed by the simplicity of this machine’s interface. The auto button and the time buttons on the left, provides you with the ability to program the machine to brew a fresh pot of coffee at your desired time. Just add the coffee pod or coffee grounds, select the size, and hit the large K button as simple as it is. Once you choose one option the 6, 8, 10, and 12 size button starts blinking. When you turn on the machine carafe and pod button starts blinking. Keurig Duo Plus has a simple power button to turn the machine Off or On. It allows users to effortlessly access all functions and prepare their desired coffee beverages with ease. The Keurig Duo Plus is an extremely user-friendly machine, seamlessly integrating intuitive controls and a clear display screen. Overall, I am quite satisfied with the temperature and taste of the drink this machine prepares. You will probably not like this machine if you enjoy iced coffee or small espresso-style shots of coffee for preparing Latte and Cappuccino. Regarding the taste of the drink, this machine lacks two very important features usually found in Keurig machines in this price range: a 4oz serving size option and an over-iced setting. This feature extends the brewing time, leading to a more comprehensive extraction of flavors from the coffee grounds, resulting in a richer, more intense cup of coffee. This Keurig model steps up its coffee game with the strong brew option. (Which is quite decent but obviously not the best!) In terms of taste, there is no significant difference between the Keurig K-duo Plus and other Keurig coffee machines. And that is quite impressive.ģ) Taste and the quality of coffee drink (4/5) I have tested the temperature of brew both in the Carafe and single-serve modes multiple times and it typically falls in the range of 172 to 177 degrees. In short, in our shop you will easily and quickly find the right lighting for the right ambience. In case you need outdoor lighting that needs to be able to change directions and includes a motion sensor? This is also a filter you can easily select on our site. lighting solutions including lamps, downlights, specialist bathroom lighting and stylish wall lights. At the filter options on the website you can select type of material, the colour and IP classification and we guarantee you will experience a lot of joy from our lights. We even offer lamp posts in our collection. This goes for wall lights, pendant lights and ceiling lights, as well as bollard lights. And don’t worry about high prices: the Lucide collection is made for every type of budget.Īs well for every style in terms of outdoor lighting you can pay a visit to Lucide. We have flush ceiling lights, wall lights and much more types of lighting to decorate your house with in your own style. Do you love vintage? Then choose for the Lucide lighting in vintage style. LOHAS Night Lights Plug into Wall, 4 Pack LED Night Light with Light Sensors, 30/60LM Nightlights for Kids Room, Soft White 3000K, 0.6W Automatic Plug in Wall Light for Bedroom, Bathroom, Hallway. Lovers of the Scandinavian or Oriental interior styles are also very welcome in our store. Scandinavian, Oriental and vintage living styles Modern Stained Glass Lamp for Wall Decor. Unique Wall Dcor in any Color from 33 choices. Plug in Wall Light, Stained Glass Wall Art. the industrial, the modern, the retro, the classical or the rustic living style: everything is covered. LED Light Sensor, Nightlight, Night Light Nursery, Kids, Nursery Decor, Baby Gift, Bedroom Light, Bedroom Decor, Night Light Wall Plug In. For example, the filter option ‘Style’ includes a big variety of living styles which you can choose from. On the left side on our website you will find a practical filter function which will make making a choice from our large collection easier. Get all types of wall lights at affordable prices only at union hardware Zimbabwe. Ranging from modern to trendy and from rustic to classic: for every different living style we have lighting available exceeding all your expectations. The same goes for our chandeliers, table lamps and floor lamps. Pendant lights, wall lighting and ceiling lights, completely in the style you intended to create. Partly because of the beautiful atmospheric lighting, partly because of the stunning design. Lucide has a collection of lamps suitable for every type of living style. Have they ever colored a rainbow sunflower? Their imaginations are limitless! Adult Coloring PagesĬan you use one of these as a sunflower stained glass pattern? Do you do face painting and tattoos for kids? These drawings can give you a good idea of the lines in a sunflower and help you make fall decorations. Show them a seed catalog for them to see some ideas. Older kids will be surprised to learn that some sunflowers can be colored with many different colors. Older children like more details and can color the background and sky. Help them find their yellow, brown, and green crayons. Preschoolers and kindergartners love simple sunflower designs. Now they can color a picture of a sunflower. Kids are amazed to know that famous artists Vincent Van Gogh and Claude Monet painted sunflower pictures. Sunflowers are for teachers, parents, and kids. Or if you’d prefer, you can purchase our sunflower life cycle set in my shop here.Sunflower Swirl Fuzzy Loves Sunflowers Coloring Pages For Kids You might also be interested in coloring pages from Sunflower, Emoji, Wildflower, Animals & Nature emoji, Plants emoji categories and EmojiOne 2.2.7, Floral tags. Other Fall Printables You'll LoveĮnter your first name and email address to download the free files. Click the Sunflower coloring pages to view printable version or color it online (compatible with iPad and Android tablets). You also do not want to miss our 101+ Fun Coloring Pages For Kids and 101+ Free Kids Printablesfull of Fun Games, Educational Worksheets, and Coloring Pages. We highlighted this Fall Printable and Fall Crafts along with some other fun activities in our September Crafts for Kids along with our 101+ Easy Craft Ideas for kids. Something to learn all Fall long ( September, October, and November) Learning all about the life cycle of a sunflower plant has never been so easy and fun! There is learning about seed development and their hard seed coat, to the flower bud and the tall plant of early Fall. Included in the whole packet are diagrams for the parts of a plant, a word search full of vocabulary words, a sunflower sequencing strip, as wells a journal for growing your own sunflower. Included in our sunflower printables are other learning activities and life cycle of a sunflower worksheet to aid in the learning process of all about sunflowers. Learning the life cycle of the sunflower plant is educational and great for young readers. There is nothing better than watching your children learn to love gardening and the growth of beautiful flowers and veggies. Spring is a wonderful time to watch as seeds turn into seedlings and then into the ground. We highly encourage teaching children about gardening and the love of gardening. They will see them form roots and understand the benefits of watering and the bract of the flower. This is when children can learn to plant their sunflower seeds and watch them grow. These lessons are great to bring out during the Spring months as well. It is also to learn about the parts of the mature plant from the flower head to the tiny seed to the wispy roots and how those parts then with the plant life cycle create the seeds to start it all over again and create food sources. Learning the sunflower life cycle is a great way for kids to learn to grow their sunflowers from small seeds to sprouts to mature strong plants. If you love them too, then you won't want to miss our other popular packets including Months of the Year Worksheets, Measurement Worksheets For Kids, and Days of Week Worksheets. The mature plants and full grown sunflower plants are tall plants and create some magical fields. The beautiful colors of varieties of sunflower plants can be as colorful as Fall leaves. In our town, we even have an annual sunflower maze similar to a corn maze around Halloween time. There is something so incredible about enjoying the single stem large head of the sunflower of a beautiful sunflower in late Summer and Fall in the United States and North America. Paper Plate Sunflower Sunflowers and Fall In the 1880s, Karl Ferdinand Braun and Henri Louis Le Chatelier separately discovered how systems tend to respond to stimuli by seeking to establish a new equilibrium. The concept of feedback loops has been around since the 18 th century, but the actual term “feedback” wasn’t used until later. Keywords: homeostasis, feedback, cause-and-effect system, circuit, circle, positive feedback, negative feedback, closed system, amplify Originators: Karl Ferdinand Braun (1850-1918), Henri Louis Le Chatelier (1850-1936) Positive feedback loops are used to intensify or change the status of a system. Negative feedback loops serve to maintain homeostasis or equilibrium. The danger of overcompensating in the other direction also increases through, for example, dependence on anti-depressant drugs or rash changes in other areas of life.Overview: Feedback loops are cause-and-effect processes within organisms and systems. Similarly, the greater the deviation from a healthy, less stressed frame of mind, the more difficult it becomes to correct it (through drugs, relaxation, change in lifestyle, etc). Extreme and prolonged stress can result in stress-related diseases, such as cancers, heart disease and depression, excessive habits such as smoking, drinking or eating, and/or increasing difficulty in coping with work and other areas of life. If levels of stress are not corrected, the body continues to produce adrenal hormones which further contribute to feelings of stress and send the body-mind system into a vicious, mutually reinforcing cycle. The more off course the boat becomes, the more (negative feedback) countersteering will be required to correct it, but also the greater the possibility of 'over-correcting' and veering off course in the other direction. The longer this lasts, the further off course it will go until it would eventually turn 180 degrees or more. In the boat example, when a person steering is distracted, and takes their eye off the horizon or instruments, they will hold the rudder to the left for longer than normal and move the boat off course. Positive feedback occurs when an increase in one thing leads to an increase in another and so on in a domino, vicious circle or spiral effect. Something then needs to be done to reduce stress and the production of adrenalin. Pressure in life translates into experience of stress which, in turn, has physiological effects on their body chemistry (adrenal hormones are produced, for example). The same basic dynamic can also be seen when a person is anxious or under stress. Boats are kept on course by these negative feedback dynamics. Once corrected, the boat may then move too far to the right so that the person steering re-checks, moves the rudder to the left and corrects the position again. When the boat deviates to the left, the person steering checks the deviation and moves the rudder to the left to move the boat back on course. (Incidentally, the word, 'cybernetics' originates in a Greek word meaning 'to steer'). Negative feedback happens when an increase in one thing leads to a decrease in another, so bringing the system back into line with its purpose.Ĭyberneticist Norbert Wiener used the simple example of steering a boat to illustrate feedback. There are two forms of feedback effect - "positive" and "negative" - not in the sense of being 'good' or 'bad', but producing 'self-reinforcing', and 'self-correcting' effects respectively. Many elements interacting and coupled in this way result in a complex system, of mutual causes and effects, especially when they involve human ideas, beliefs, minds and culture. This circular causality is called a 'feedback loop'. Instead of thinking in a linear way, it recognises that as well as one cause (A) leading to an effect (B), B will also affect A in various ways. Feedback is one of the major concepts in systems thinking. |
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